Rolu élément alloy yi ci gray- fer fer

1. Manganese ak souffur
Generally speaking, sulfur is a harmful element. But for gray cast iron, a small amount of sulfur plays a very important role in the refinement of graphite core and cocrystal groups. Therefore, the sulfur content in gray cast iron should not be less than 0.06%, and it is best to keep between 0.06% and 0.08%. If the sulfur content is too high (>0.18%), bépp xeetu jafe-jafe bu mëna lore dina feeñ ba noppi yàq kalite casting bi.
Sulfur mbir la bu am liggéey chimik bu dëgër. Sudee limu mangase yi ci wen wuñ defaree ci yat dafa wàññeeku lool, sulfur ak fer fer FS (point 1193 degre) ak itam dañuy forme cocrystal yu néew ak wen ak karbon (carbon 0.17%, sulfur 31.7%, li ci des mooy fer, point de fer, point de fer, point de fer 975 ).
FeS Mën nañu ko dindi lépp ci solution fer. Sudee fer, sulfur wala FeS ci biir ndox ak gaz carbonisation dafa tuuti lool, di gëna am doole ci fasu liquide bi des, ba noppi mujjee feeñ ci anamu sulfide, sudee sulfure bi ci fer fer mooy 0.02%, sulfide bu moom boppam mën na feeñ.
Ci wen wu dóomu taal, affinite sulfur ak manganese ñoo gëna mag ci wen, te sos MnS dafa ëpp li ñuy wax ci equation bi ci topp.
Mn+FeS MnS + def
Point bi MnS am mooy 1620 degre . Ci wen wu dóomu taal, MnS nekk na ku ndaw te amul benn loraange {- ñu boole ko ci matrix metal bi, ba noppi di jàppale ngir gëna mëna defar wen, ba noppi gëna baaxal dundu jumtukaay bi.
Ci wen wu dóomu taal bu dóomu taal, MnS ak FeS mën nañu boole, kon bariwaayu manganese ak sulfur ci sulfide bu composé (MnFe) S. Sulfur ak oxygen mën nañu leen boole itam, kon ci wen wu dóomu taal, sulfide bi dafa jafe lool, FexMnySvOw mën nañu ko representé ci FexMnySvOw, fu valeur yu x, y, v ak W dina soppiku ci anam wu amul benn sikk.
Ci at yii ñu weesu, jàngat bi ñu amal ci jàngat metalografik bu bari dafa wane ni amna lu tollu ci 43 milioŋ ciy boole MnS ak (MnFe) S dugal ci 1cm3 ash fer, te dayo bi ñuy dugal mooy 2~ 23 micro. Tolluwaayu limu dugal yépp amul 0.01% ci diisaayu wen wi.
Su sulfur amee ci FeS wala korànteer ko-cistal, dafay segg ci fase liquide ci interface bu blok cocrystal bi ci anam wu dëgër, di tere màgg gi ci cocrystal groupe, ba noppi yokk supercooling coût coût bi, suko defee mu yokk xeetu fer bu weex bi. Ginaaw ñu dëgër, FeS wala kokrstal bu ternaraire bi ci peggu kuréel kokrystal bi dina tax màndarga mekanik yi ci weñ yi gëna suufe, te dafay yaatu. Loolu mooy njeextalu sulfur.
Sudee dañu yokk limu manganeese yi ci weñ bi ngir tere FeS defar, ba noppi sos sulfide sulfide bu baax te tass, sulfur dina def lu baax te am njariñ ci nucleation ak màggug graphite. RESULTS Séddale kristal bu ndaw bu ndaw, grafite mooy xeetu A, du am gémmiñu weex. Ngir defar jëmmu këyit grafite bi, limu gëna ndaw ci sulfur ci wen wu dóomu taal dafa wara nekk 0.06%. Tolluwaayu sulfur bi dafa gëna suufe valeur bii, te séddaleb këyit grafite ci wen lu bon la, te yomb naa defar gémmiñu weex.
Li gëna am solo ci mannganeese ci wen wu dóomu taal mooy tëye sulfur ak tere FeS forme. Ndax ratio bi ci diisaayu atomik bi ci manganese ak sulfur mooy 1.71. Rasio bu méngoo ak MnS ci manganese ak soufur biñ defaree wen mooy 1.71. Ñu ngi gëna kawe equilibre, ñu koy woowe